This week a short film called HowardCantour.com by actor, Shia LeBeouf, was posted on the website Short of the Week. Not long after its posting, viewers identified the film as a copy of Justin M. Damiano, a comic written and illustrated by Daniel Clowes. Clowes is a prolific writer and illustrator, and is the mind behind such famous works as Ghost World and Eightball (later adapted into the film Art School Confidential). While HowardCantour.com originally premiered at Cannes in 2012 and continued to be shown at other film festivals, it was not until the film was exposed to online audiences that the copying was detected, and LeBeouf was questioned as to the movie's concept.
Clowes gave no permission for the creation of the film, and LeBeouf failed to credit Clowes in any way. LeBeouf responded to the accusations regarding the film via Twitter, and these responses (and admissions) are reposted in Short of the Week's update regarding the film. Short of the Week removed the film from its website out of respect to Clowes.
While many have labeled LeBeouf's work a theft, and plagiarism, it bears mentioning that the work may so closely resemble the original--having been called a "near direct adaptation"--as to constitute an unauthorized derivative work, thus infringing on Clowes' copyright in Justin M. Damiano. It remains to be seen whether Clowes will take any legal action.
As Short of the Week points out, while the internet has often served as tool of intellectual property infringement, in the form of illegal music downloads and the like, but in this case, it was online viewers who were responsible for bringing LeBeouf's copying to light and promoting respect for artists' original works.
Thursday 19 December 2013
Monday 2 December 2013
Possible infringement of Banksy's moral rights?
Banksy mania continues.
After Banksy's works invaded
New York with "Better Out than In" series, as we
reported here, Art Basel Miami will offer two of these Banksy's works for sale.
The two pieces which will go on sale during the fair, from tomorrow till December 8, are: a rear door of a Manhattan car where the British street artist painted an
Herculean figure surrounded by running horses, and a 680 kilograms chunk of a Brooklyn
warehouse wall on which he painted on October 7 an heart-shaped balloon covered
in bandages, informally known as the "Red Hook Balloon".
Red Hook Balloon, Banksy, 2013, New York |
The current owner of the works is Stephan Keszler, the New
York Gallery owner who had already controversially
acquired a pair of Banksy works removed from a wall in Bethlehem in 2011. In that occasion, Banksy’s
authentication team, known as Pest control, admonished the gallerist, so that he
cancelled a planned exhibition of the works at Art Basel Miami, but
the walls were put on display the next year.
Keszler told that he purchased the Red Hook Balloon
from the owner of the building on which it was painted and the car door from
the car owner. The Red Hook Baloon was tagged by another graffiti artist before
its removal, but its value is estimated up to 800,000 USD.
As already happened in 5 Pointz, the removal and, this time, the sale of street art works which had been created by Banksy to be public art poses importante questions concerning artist's moral right.In particular, art. 6 bis of the Berne Convention for the protection of literary and artistic works and, consequently, many national legislations provide artists with moral right of integrity. Such right provides that independently of the author's economic rights, and even after the transfer of the said rights, the author shall have besides the right to claim authorship of the work, the right to "object to any distortion, mutilation or other modification of, or other derogatory action in relation to, the said work, which would be prejudicial to his honor or reputation".
In light of the above, we may wonder if the removal and the sale of the Banksy's works could infringe the right of the integrity belonging to the British street artist, who might want to mantain public his artworks, without losing their " street " attitude. Certainly, the right of integrity will collide with the right of the owner of removing the illicit works.
Who will win?
Who will win?
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